Reflexe tématu změny klimatu na města v období starověku v současné odborné literatuře
Abstrakt: The discussion on the state of the environment has been part of first theoretical and then practical considerations and measures since the mid-20th century, however, the foundations of the currently still discussed environmental problems were laid much earlier, during the 19th century. Another impulse was the activity of a group called the Club of Rome in 1968, which significantly drew attention to the dangers arising from the fact that the Earth's resources are limited. Although it is evident today that the models of the Club of Rome are obsolete, discussions on the state of the environment and the impact of humans on this environment are still the focus of interest of the professionals. In particular, the issue of climate change and its impacts is widely emphasized. One of the significant impacts is certainly the impact on the urban – built environment of cities. At the same time, there are several historical examples that can be a source of lessons from the adaptation and resilience strategies of ancient cities. The aim of the article is to map the state of knowledge, or to analyze the number and focus of contemporary professional publications dealing with the issues of climate change, or the impacts of climate change on the urban environment of cities regarding the historical reflection of the ancient period in the Mediterranean region. The paper is based on a quantitative analysis of scientific outputs. The research of variations of word chains including climate change, built environment and adaptation shows that the number of published outputs is so large that a systematic qualitative analysis of the outputs is not feasible. Only after narrowing the analysis to the historical sciences and historical retrospection was it possible to carry out a qualitative analysis. It can be concluded that relatively few authors have dealt with the topic of climate change impacts on cities in a historical retrospective, and that no synthetic work has been found that would cover this topic. The Czech-language scientific literature deals with general issues of climate change impacts, prediction of future development, or various proposals and the creation of methodologies for the impact of climate change on cities. A large question is the relationship between climate change, or its impact on the city and urban greenery, or the issues of rainwater management and examples of good practice. From a detailed analysis of the reviewed works, it was found that the examined topic of climate change impacts on cities in a historical retrospective is addressed by authors in the Czech Republic only rarely and very fragmentedly. The analysis shows that at present, the topic of examining the impacts of climate change on cities in a historical retrospective is not systematically processed either in the world, nor in the Czech context.
