Rural Architecture of Selected Settlements in Teplice and Vysoké Mýto Region
Abstract: The aim of the article is to introduce local architectural expressions in selected localities of the Ústí and Pardubice regions and to compare them. This work is a partial study of the residences with the aim of understanding the differences of life in the so-called " sudetenland " and beyond. In these localities, three villages near Teplice and three villages near Vysoké Mýto, which were proposed for monument protection in the past but did not receive this protection, were selected. The selection was based on the internal data in the heritage catalogue of the National Heritage Institute. In the villages, based on the map documentation of the indicative sketches of the stable cadastre, probably preserved buildings were selected. These buildings were subjected to an in situ visual survey and then, together with site analysis using panorama and Street View applications, the forms of the buildings' location within the settlement were monitored, such as the orientation of the main building to the road, roof type, floor levels, front garden and fencing, the orientation of the courtyard to the main building and the composition of the buildings within the plot. At the same time, details such as the types of cornices, the number of windows, the eccentric gables and the methods of cladding, the decoration of the facades, the type of roofing, the emphasis of the openings and the presence of elements such as niches for saints, etc. were observed. Subsequently, the selected buildings were searched in the historical census sheets to find the profession of the then owners and nationality. The initial goal was to find common features of buildings owned by owners of the same nationality, but the selected settlements in the Pardubice region had no German inhabitants and the sample of Czechs in the Ústí nad Labem region was too small. Therefore, buildings serving the same main profession of the owners were further analysed. After reading this data, the most common profession in the Pardubice Region was selected - farming, which was also more numerous in the Ústí nad Labem Region. The buildings were then compared with each other and common and different features of these buildings in the context of their location were identified.
