Catalogue of cultural and historical features of the forest landscape
Abstract: The goal of the thesis is a catalogue of cultural and historical features of forest landscapes, which follows the Typology of Historical Cultural Landscapes (Ehrlich, 2020). The typology defines a set of 34 types of historical cultural landscape exist in the Czech Republic. The Catalog extends type 15 (The landscape of preserves and forests). The landscape of forests is much richer than the methodology generally outlines and deserves more attention. For the type 15 it was necessary to find out the situation of the forest landscape from its history, functions to legislation and the existing forest protection in urban planning instruments and nature and landscape protection. Theoretical connections were supplemented by examples from abroad, such as the work Vyznamne lesnicke miesta in Slovakia. The catalogue of cultural and historical features of forest landscape is divided into two parts and presents features directly related to the forest and features not directly related to the forest, but currently present in it. The catalog refers to developed methodologies and is inspired by the results and procedures of methodology Typologie historické kulturní krajiny ČR (Ehrlich, 2020) or methodology Starobylé výmladkové lesy (Maděra, 2016). The features directly related to the forest includes subtypes (groups) which represent the functions of the forest. The subtypes are Forest as a refuge, Breeding and hunting, Forestry (cultivation, harvesting and processing of wood), Transport of wood and other raw materials, Other forest crafts, Forest management, Calm, rest and recreation (Forest as an aesthetic element), Forest as an association/symbol. Each subtype is characterized by its description, examples of individuality traits and examples of specific localities with photo documentation. The features are classified at the end of each subtype according to the type of historic-cultural landscape, according to character, importance and frequency. The second part of the catalogue contains features not directly related to the forest, which are represented by features of archaeological sites, small sacral architecture, other logging, way of the cross, pilgrimage routes, castles and chateaux, border crossings and their components, water management features, border fortifications, water and windmills or transport infrastructure features, which are still frequently inscribed in the forest landscape. The result of the work is an open system containing basic forest functions and features that can be continuously supplemented as in analyses of individual areas, investigations of forest crafts and other forest functions, etc. The catalogue can be expanded with new characteristics, new subtypes, or there may be a need to modify the concept of subtypes, subdivisions, names, etc. The catalogue of forest features shows the multitude of diverse cultural and historical values that are hidden in the forest and are now disappearing unnoticed due to management activities and ignorance of the historical and cultural context. The catalogue should therefore contribute both to broadening awareness among the wider public, but also as a basis for application and usability in urban planning tools, nature and landscape conservation tools and other departmental documents and tools. The article proceed from the thesis Forest landscape and its cultural and historical values.
